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过去20多年,制造业在中国的经济增长中扮演了重要角色,其增加值占国内生产总值的40%以上,创造了财政收入的一半,并吸收了近1/3的城市就业人口和农村剩余劳动力,制造业也是中国商品出口的主体。但中国制造业主要是贴牌生产,赚取加工费,在出口贸易中有一半左右属于加工贸易。因此,有专家认为中国制造业如果不加快产业升级将有沦为世界蓝领的危险。本文分析了中国制造业可能沦为世界蓝领的原因,在分析借鉴其他国家发展经验的基础上,结合中国实际情况提出了中国制造业避免沦为世界蓝领应采取的措施。
Over the past 20 years, manufacturing played an important role in China’s economic growth. Its added value accounted for more than 40% of its GDP, creating half of its revenue and absorbing nearly one-third of urban employment and rural areas Surplus labor, manufacturing is also the main body of China’s exports. However, the manufacturing industry in China mainly makes OEMs and earns processing fees. About half of the export trade belongs to processing trade. Therefore, some experts think that if China’s manufacturing industry does not speed up industrial upgrading, it will become the world’s blue-collar danger. This article analyzes the reasons why China’s manufacturing industry may become the world’s blue-collar. On the basis of analyzing the experience of other countries and combining with China’s actual conditions, this article puts forward the measures China should take to avoid becoming the world’s blue-collar.