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本文从转型经济的实践出发,针对政府--市场两分法的局限性,提出了宪 法--政府--市场三分法的分析框架。并根据这一框架对中国的经济转型进行了研究。 中国经济转型的经验表明政府行为与经济转型的效率之间存在很强的相关性。本文的一 个基本判断是政府的角色与定位己成为影响中国经济转型的关键因素,经济转型面临法 治资源稀缺的瓶颈约束。政府目前不仅直接拥有和控制着规模巨大的资本与资源,而且仍 然具有“裁判”与“球员”双重身份,对政府权力的软约束所产生的后果是对政府与市场之 间的距离缺乏有效的界定,经济转型的政府成本上升。因此,建立公正、透明和有权威性的 宪法规则与秩序,对于中国这类历史上宪政资源缺失的国家的经济转型有着特别的含义。
In this paper, starting from the practice of transitional economy, aiming at the limitation of government-market dichotomy, this paper puts forward the analytical framework of the constitutional-government-market dichotomy. According to this framework, China’s economic restructuring has been studied. The experience of China’s economic restructuring shows that there is a strong correlation between the government’s behavior and the efficiency of economic restructuring. A basic judgment of this article is that the role and orientation of the government have become the key factors affecting China’s economic restructuring. Economic restructuring is confronted with the bottleneck of the scarcity of resources for rule of law. At present, the government not only directly owns and controls the huge capital and resources, but also has the double identities of “referee” and “player.” The consequence of the soft constraint on the government power is that between the government and the market Lack of effective definition of the distance, the economic transformation of the government costs. Therefore, the establishment of a fair, transparent and authoritative constitutional rules and order has a special meaning for the economic transformation of China, a country lacking constitutional resources in history.