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目的对水产品中霍乱弧菌进行实验室鉴定、毒力基因(ctxA和TcpA)检测及药敏分析。方法细菌的分离、鉴定和药敏试验按照卫生部疾病控制司《霍乱防治手册》(第5版)1999提供的方法进行;用PCR方法对霍乱弧菌的ctxA和TcpA2种毒力基因进行检测。结果从277份水产品中检出1株小川型霍乱弧菌、1株稻叶型霍乱弧菌和7株O139血清群霍乱弧菌,阳性率3.25%;1株O139血清群霍乱弧菌毒力基因ctxA阳性,TcpA阴性,其它菌株的毒力基因ctxA和TcpA均为阴性;9株霍乱弧菌菌株对15种药物的敏感度完全一致,其中耐药的抗菌药物有复方新诺明、四环素、链霉素等3种,敏感的抗菌药物有诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、丁胺卡那霉素、庆大霉素等8种,中敏的抗菌药物有强力霉素、红霉素等4种。结论在霍乱防治工作中应密切监测水产品中霍乱弧菌的药物敏感性以及携带毒力基因的情况;诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、丁胺卡那霉素等抗菌药物可作为抗菌治疗和预防性服药的首选药物,而复方新诺明、四环素和链霉素则不应被选用。
Objective To identify laboratory strains of Vibrio cholerae in aquatic products, detect the virulence genes (ctxA and TcpA) and analyze the drug susceptibility. Methods The isolation, identification and susceptibility testing of bacteria were carried out according to the method provided in the Cholera Prevention and Control Handbook (5th Edition) 1999 by the Disease Control Division of Ministry of Health. The virulence genes ctxA and TcpA of V. cholerae were detected by PCR. Results One strain of V. cholerae, one strain of V. cholerae and seven strains of O139 serogroup V. cholerae were detected from 277 aquatic products, with a positive rate of 3.25%. One strain of V. cholerae O139 Gene ctxA positive, TcpA negative, the other strains of virulence genes ctxA and TcpA were negative; 9 strains of Vibrio cholerae strains of 15 kinds of drug sensitivity is completely consistent, including drug-resistant antibacterials cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, Streptomycin and other 3 kinds of sensitive antibacterials are norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, gentamicin and other 8 kinds of sensitive antimicrobial drugs doxycycline, erythromycin 4 kinds. Conclusion The drug susceptibility and virulence genes of Vibrio cholerae in aquatic products should be closely monitored in the prevention and treatment of cholera. Antibacterial drugs such as norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and amikacin can be used as antimicrobial therapy And prophylactic drug of choice, while the compound cotrimoxazole, tetracycline and streptomycin should not be selected.