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着重介绍所开发的新型氦气体轴承透平膨胀机的主要设计参数及关键部件的结构 ,该氦气体轴承透平膨胀机用于空间环境模拟的氦制冷系统。在设计中 ,利用多目标优化程序获得了较好的热力性能及较高的失稳转速。同时还开展了不同工质的相似模化研究 ,以便更好地预测氦透平膨胀机的热力性能。为了测试透平膨胀机的热力性能及机械性能 ,进行了多次的常温空气试车及液氮级温度低温试车 ,试验结果及现场实际试车结果表明氦气体轴承透平膨胀机具有优异的热力性能及机械性能 ,满足了神舟号飞船发射前的热真空试验要求
The main design parameters of the new type of helium gas bearing turbo-expander and the structure of the key components are introduced emphatically. The helium-gas turbo expander is used in the helium refrigeration system for space environment simulation. In the design, the use of multi-objective optimization program to obtain better thermal performance and higher rotational speed instability. At the same time, researches on similar modeling of different working fluids have also been carried out in order to better predict the thermal performance of the helium turbo expander. In order to test the thermal performance and mechanical properties of the turbo-expander, many tests were carried out at room temperature in air and liquid nitrogen at low temperature. The test results and actual test results showed that the helium-bearing turboexpander has excellent thermal performance and Mechanical performance, to meet the Shenzhou spacecraft before the launch of the thermal vacuum test requirements