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当今中国正处于经济转型期,由成本竞争转变为熊彼特竞争的过程,是一条符合中国国情的现实之路。通过对中国等10个样本国家1991—2013年的数据运用DEA-Malmquist指数法进行了测度,对中国的技术赶超路径进行了实证检验。结果表明,中国主要依靠技术创新来促进全要素生产率提高,进而推动自身技术向技术前沿迈进,且该赶超速度是稳步提升的,但是并未显著缩短与美国和日本这样的技术前沿国家的差距。而与其他新兴国家相比,中国的技术赶超路径的推进速度较快,但是对已有技术的引进消化再吸收能力较弱。
Nowadays China is in the process of economic transition and transforming from cost competition to the competition of Schumpeter, which is a realistic way to meet the requirements of China’s national conditions. By using the DEA-Malmquist index method for data from 1991 to 2013 in 10 sample countries such as China, the paper tests the technology catch-up path in China. The results show that China mainly relies on technological innovation to promote the improvement of total factor productivity and thus promote its own technology to the technological frontier, and the catch-up rate is steadily increasing, but it does not significantly shorten the gap with the advanced technological countries such as the United States and Japan . Compared with other emerging countries, China’s technological catch-up path is advancing faster, but its absorption of existing technologies is weak.