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利用1979～2007年的海温和热通量以及风场资料分析了与ENSO相关的热带北大西洋海温变化的机制及其与印度-东亚夏季风环流的关系,结果表明热带北大西洋夏季海温和前冬Nio3区海温具有显著正相关,它与同期印度-东亚季风区大气环流的相关显示了类似于ENSO成熟次年夏季季风环流异常的分布特征.热带北大西洋海温和ENSO的同号相关主要归因于大西洋大气对ENSO的遥响应所导致的潜热通量和短波辐射的贡献.耦合模式的试验结果显示,在考虑大西洋海温变化的情况下,模式能够再现ENSO成熟次年印度-东亚季风区大气环流异常的主要特征,如位于西北太平洋的反气旋环流以及与此相联系出现在中国东南部的南风异常.若大西洋指定为气候海温,耦合模式中西北太平洋上空的环流异常与观测结果出现较大差异,如反气旋的位置东移、中国东南部出现北风异常.进一步分析显示大气对热带北大西洋暖海温的Kelvin波响应使异常东风从印度洋延伸到西太平洋.异常东风产生负涡度同时通过Ekman效应在南海和孟加拉湾地区产生辐散的东北风,导致对流减弱从而形成反气旋环流.本文的结果表明,与ENSO相关联的大西洋海温异常在ENSO-季风关系中具有重要的作用.
Based on the sea surface temperature and heat flux from 1979 to 2007 and the wind field data, the relationship between ENSO-related changes of SST in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and the Indian-East Asian summer monsoon circulation is analyzed. The results show that the tropical North Atlantic summer SST The correlation between the sea surface temperature in the Nio3 region of winter and the atmospheric circulation in the Indian-East Asian monsoon region shows a distribution similar to that of the ENSO mature summer monsoon circulation anomaly. Mainly due to the contributions of latent heat flux and shortwave radiation caused by the remote response of the Atlantic Ocean to ENSO.The experimental results of the coupling model show that the mode can reproduce the ENSO maturity in the second year of India-East Asia The main features of the anomalous atmospheric circulation in the monsoon region are the anticyclone circulation in the northwestern Pacific Ocean and the anomalous southerly anomaly associated with it in the southeastern China.If the Atlantic Ocean is designated as the climatological sea temperature, the circulation anomalies in the coupling mode over the northwestern Pacific and The results of the observation are quite different. For instance, the position of the anticyclone moves eastward and the north wind anomaly occurs in the southeastern China. Showing that the atmospheric Kelvin wave response to the warm North Atlantic warm SST extends the anomalous east wind from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific.The negative easterly wind produces negative vorticity and at the same time produces divergent northeaster winds in the South China Sea and the Bay of Bengal through the Ekman effect resulting in weakened convection Anticyclone circulation.The results of this paper show that the Atlantic SST anomaly associated with ENSO plays an important role in the ENSO-monsoon relationship.