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SWAT模型的全称是Soil and Water Assessment Tool,该模型是一个在流域尺度拥有物理机制的分布式水温模型并广泛的运用于农业非点源污染及水文模拟等方面[1]。为了提高模型模拟效果的真实性以及有效性,应准确的输入数据。对模型模拟产生影响的数据主要有:DEM数据的精度与栅格的大小、子流域的划分水平、土壤与土地的数据。相比于径流量,产沙量以及营养物质更难用模型模拟出来,并且当今对于此参数的评判也没有一个公共的标准。流域内的雨量站的分布及多少不同程度的影响着模拟的最终结果,针对国内气象站较少的现状,亟需找到气象数据的“替代品”。
The full name of the SWAT model is Soil and Water Assessment Tool, which is a distributed water temperature model with physical mechanism at the basin scale and is widely used in agricultural non-point source pollution and hydrological simulation [1]. In order to improve the authenticity and validity of model simulation, the data should be input accurately. The main data that influence the model simulation are: the accuracy of DEM data and the size of grid, the level of sub-watershed division, soil and land data. Compared to runoff, sediment yield and nutrients are harder to model with models, and there is currently no common standard for judging this parameter. The distribution of rainfall stations in the basin and the varying degrees affect the final result of the simulation. In view of the current situation of fewer weather stations in China, it is urgent to find “substitutes” for the meteorological data.