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一 概述 在开采缓倾斜的特厚煤层时。用水砂充填是最合理而有效的顶板管理方法;使工作面压力减至最小程度,保证了工作安全,煤损最小,坑木消耗最少,降低了煤的成本,此外防止地表塌陷,防止自燃和煤尘的飞扬,并能改善工作循环的正常执行。 我国东北各矿普遍地采用着水砂充填法,尤其抚顺、阜新等地对水砂充填法积累有丰富的经验。在未来新建的矿山,此法亦将被进一步推广。 但是水砂充填中还有不少难题,迄今未最终解决:如合适的充填材料,合理的供砂系统,井下排水及排泥工作的简化,尤其是水砂管流的规律性;而其中最主要的也就是倍线。 倍线就是管流在一定的位头下与其所能输送的总延长的关系,即高低差与总延长L间的比值L/H。倍线关系着所有充填设备的设置是否合理。
An overview of the mining of gently inclined thick coal seam. Water sand filling is the most reasonable and effective roof management methods; to minimize the pressure on the work surface, to ensure the safety of work, minimum coal loss, pit consumption minimum, reducing the cost of coal, in addition to prevent surface subsidence and prevent spontaneous combustion and Coal dust flying, and can improve the normal implementation of the work cycle. In northeast China, mineral water sand filling methods are commonly used in various mines. In particular, Fushun and Fuxin have rich experience in water sand filling methods. In the future of new mines, this law will be further promoted. However, there are still many problems in the filling of water sand, which have not yet been solved so far. For example, proper filling materials, reasonable sand supply system, simplification of underground drainage and sludge discharge work, especially the regularity of water sand flow, The main thing is timescales. The fold line is the relationship between the tube flow and the total extension it can deliver, ie, the ratio L / H between the height difference and the total extension L. The fold line relates to whether all filling equipment settings are reasonable.