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目的：研究糖皮质激素治疗前后 S-100蛋白和 HLA-DR 在鼻息肉组织中的表达，探讨二者介导的免疫反应在糖皮质激素治疗鼻息肉的作用机制。方法收集2010年11月至2012年6月在滨州医学院烟台附属医院耳鼻喉科行鼻内镜手术治疗的鼻息肉标本74例，其中激素治疗组37例，未用激素治疗组37例；另取同期收治的单纯鼻中隔偏曲患者行鼻内镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术中切除的下鼻甲组织21例为正常对照组。采用免疫组织化学染色法检测 S-100蛋白、HLA-DR 在三组的表达水平。结果S-100蛋白、HLA-DR 在有鼻息肉组织中的表达明显高于正常对照组，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。S-100蛋白、HLA-DR 在未经治疗的鼻息肉组中的表达明显高于经激素治疗5 d 的鼻息肉组，差异亦有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。结论S-100蛋白、HLA-DR 在鼻息肉组织中的高表达提示，由二者介导的免疫反应在鼻息肉的发病中起重要作用。激素治疗5 d 后鼻息肉组织中 S-100蛋白、HLA-DR的表达降低，表明激素的抗免疫机制发挥了作用。“,”Objective To explore the expressions of S-100 protein and HLA-DR in nasal polyps,so as to investigate the immune reaction mediated by the two mechanism of action in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps before and after glu-cocorticoid treatment.Methods From November 2010 to June 2012,74 cases of nasal polyp were treated by endoscopy in our department,of them,37 cases were treated with hormone and 37 cases were treated without.21 cases of inferior turbinate mucosa taken from patients treated by Deviation of nasal septum served as the control group.Results Expres-sions of S-100 protein and HLA-DR in the nasal polyp tissues were significantly higher than those in the control group, and they were significantly higher in the treatment group than in the hormone 5 days treatment group (P <0.05 ). Conclusion In the nasal polyp tissues,high expressions of S 100 protein and HLA-DR suggest that the immune response mediated by the two play an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps.After 5 days hormone treatment,the ex-pressions of S 100 protein and HLA-DR decreased,which suggest that hormones play some role in anti-immune action.