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目的:分析2型糖尿病住院患者合并恶性肿瘤的发生率、分布情况及相关危险因素。方法:采用横断面研究设计,连续收集2010年1月至2014年12月笔者单位收治的5 542例2型糖尿病住院患者作为研究对象,剔除先诊断恶性肿瘤后诊断糖尿病的病人,收集患者临床资料,计算恶性肿瘤合并率,分析肿瘤的分布情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析,筛选2型糖尿病住院患者合并恶性肿瘤的相关危险因素。结果:5 542例2型糖尿病住院患者中恶性肿瘤检出率为6.8%(377/5 542)。恶性肿瘤组男性比例明显高于无恶性肿瘤组(58.1%vs.48.9%,P=0.001);合并恶性肿瘤组糖尿病患者的平均年龄明显高于无恶性肿瘤组[(66.3±8.9)岁vs.(60.8±13.7)岁,P<0.001]。恶性肿瘤分布情况为:消化系统177例(47.0%)、呼吸系统78例(20.7%)、血液系统23例(6.1%)、男性泌尿生殖系统12例(3.2%)、女性生殖系统67例(17.8%)、其他类别肿瘤20例(5.3%);糖尿病恶性肿瘤患者前5位的疾病构成分别为:结直肠癌(16.2%)、肺癌(15.4%)、肝癌(14.3%)、乳腺癌(7.4%)、胰腺癌(5.3%)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,高龄(OR=2.905)、糖尿病家族史(OR=3.374)是2型糖尿病住院患者合并恶性肿瘤的独立危险因素;饮茶(OR=0.159)则是2型糖尿病住院患者合并恶性肿瘤的保护因素。结论:2型糖尿病住院患者合并恶性肿瘤的率较高,是肿瘤高发人群,以消化道肿瘤最为常见,高龄、糖尿病家族史是合并恶性肿瘤的其独立危险因素,而饮茶则是保护因素。
Objective: To analyze the incidence, distribution and related risk factors of malignant tumors in type 2 diabetic inpatients. METHODS: A total of 5 542 inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted from January 2010 to December 2014 in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study. The patients with diabetes mellitus diagnosed after first diagnosis of malignant tumor were excluded and the clinical data were collected , Calculate the rate of malignant tumor merger, analyze the distribution of tumor, and use multivariate Logistic regression analysis to screen the related risk factors of malignant tumor in inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: The prevalence of malignant tumors among 5 542 patients with type 2 diabetes was 6.8% (377/5 542). The mean age of patients with malignant tumor was significantly higher than that of patients without malignant tumor (58.1% vs.48.9%, P = 0.001). The average age of patients with malignant tumor was significantly higher than that of patients without malignant tumor [(66.3 ± 8.9) years vs. (60.8 ± 13.7) years old, P <0.001]. The distribution of malignant tumors was 177 cases (47.0%) of digestive system, 78 cases (20.7%) of respiratory system, 23 cases (6.1%) of hematological system, 12 cases of male genitourinary system (3.2%) and 67 cases of female reproductive system 17.8%), and 20 cases (5.3%) of other types of cancer. The top five diseases of diabetic patients with malignant tumors were: colorectal cancer (16.2%), lung cancer (15.4%), liver cancer 7.4%), pancreatic cancer (5.3%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family history of type 2 diabetes (OR = 3.374) was an independent risk factor for malignancy with type 2 diabetes mellitus in hospitalized patients (OR = 2.905) and drinking tea (OR = 0.159) Protection of malignant tumor. Conclusion: Inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a high incidence of malignant tumors, and are the most frequent cancer patients. Digestive tract cancer is the most common type of diabetes. Family history of diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for malignancy. Drinking tea is a protective factor.