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目的通过研究南京市2005-2015年学校肺结核流行特征及时间趋势,掌握学校肺结核发病特点,为政府制定科学的控制策略提供依据。方法采用χ~2检验、年估计变化百分比(estimating average percent change,EAPC)等方法对南京市2005-2015年的学校肺结核发病资料进行分析。结果 2005-2015年,全市共登记报告2 833例学校肺结核患者,其中学生病例2 511人,教师病例322人。学校肺结核报告发病率呈现下降趋势,其EAPC值=-10.87%(P<0.001)。各年份学生肺结核报告发病率始终低于教师发病率。学生肺结核患者确诊平均年龄为(20.41±3.97)岁,教师肺结核患者确诊年龄平均为(41.70±12.19)岁。2月份学校肺结核发病人数最少,4月份发病人数最多,总的来说春季学校肺结核发病人数较多。结论近年来南京市学校肺结核报告发病率逐年下降,学校结核病疫情得到有效控制,但仍需加强全市学校结核病防控工作。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and time trend of tuberculosis in schools in Nanjing City from 2005 to 2015 and to grasp the characteristics of tuberculosis in schools so as to provide evidence for the government to formulate a scientific control strategy. Methods The χ ~ 2 test, estimated average percent change (EAPC) and other methods were used to analyze the incidence of school tuberculosis in Nanjing from 2005 to 2015. Results From 2005 to 2015, a total of 2 833 school-based TB cases were reported in the city, of which 2 511 were student cases and 322 were teacher cases. The incidence of school tuberculosis reported a downward trend, with an EAPC value of -10.87% (P <0.001). The incidence of tuberculosis reported by students in all years was always lower than that of teachers. The average diagnosed age of students with pulmonary tuberculosis was (20.41 ± 3.97) years old, and the average age of diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients was (41.70 ± 12.19) years old. The incidence of tuberculosis in schools was the lowest in February, with the highest incidence in April. Generally speaking, the incidence of tuberculosis in schools in spring was high. Conclusions In recent years, the incidence of tuberculosis in schools in Nanjing has been declining year by year, and the epidemic of tuberculosis in schools has been effectively controlled. However, it is still necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools throughout the city.