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毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体(muscarinic acetylcholine receptor，M-AChR)是胆碱能受体的一种，近年来关于各类M-AChR在抑郁症中的机制研究很多，本次主要对M-AChR在抑郁症发病和治疗中的相关机制进行阐述和总结，并且对相关药物的研究进行总结和展望。M1-AChR、M2-AChR在抗抑郁方面发挥重要作用，其可能机制涉及海马和前额叶皮质(prefrontal cortex，PFC)等脑区雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合体1(mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1，mTORC1)信号通路的激活、兴奋性神经递质和脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF)等因子的释放等，同时蛋白激酶A(protein kinase A，PKA)-α-氨基羟甲基恶唑丙酸(α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionieacid，AMPA)通路的激活在M2-AChR介导的抗抑郁效应中起重要调节作用，但是具体机制以及各类M-AChR间的相互作用仍有待于探究，这也可能成为接下来的研究重点。目前，相关药物的临床试验主要集中在东莨菪碱，随着临床试验的进展，该药物的量效曲线和副作用耐受性等会更加明确，相信更多患者能够从中受益。“,”Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M-AChR) is a type of cholinergic receptor. In recent years, there have been many studies on the mechanism of various types of M-AChR in depression. Therefore, this review intends to focus on M-AChR related mechanisms in the onset and treatment of depression, and the research of related drugs is summarized and prospected. The results show that M1-AChR and M2-AChR play important roles in antidepressant, and its possible mechanism involves the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signal pathway activation in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), release of excitatory neurotransmitter and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and other factors, at the same time protein kinase A -α-amino the activation of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionieacid (AMPA) pathway plays an important regulatory role in the antidepressant effect mediated by M2-AChR, but the specific mechanisms and the interactions between various type of M-AChR are still to be explored, which may also become the focus of future research. At present, clinical trials of related drugs are mainly focused on scopolamine. With the progress of clinical trials, the dose-effect curve and side effects tolerance of scopolamine will be more clearly and it is believed that more patients can benefit from it.