染色质拓扑相关结构域(topological associated domain，TAD)是基因组三维结构和转录调控的基本单位。相邻TAD以特征序列边界间隔，形成相对独立的功能域，TAD内部基因的转录受到共同调控，而TAD间彼此互不影响。TAD结构的改变与多种疾病的发生密切相关。本文对TAD的重要组成、特性、对疾病发生的影响及常用的染色质互作研究方法进行综述。“,”Topological associated domain (TAD) is the basic unit of three-dimensional genome structure and transcriptional regulation.The adjacent TADs are separated by characteristic sequence boundaries, forming a relatively independent functional domain.The transcription of genes in TAD is regulated together, while the TADs do not influence each other.The changes in TAD structure are closely related to the occurrence of multiple diseases.In this paper, the important components and characteristics of TAD, its effects on the occurrence of disease and the commonly used methods of chromatin interaction are reviewed.