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本文应用光学的Snell折射定律,使用以二硫化碳为主的高折射率的液体做为混合溶剂,实现了入射光在吸收管中的全反射,制成了类似于液体光导纤维的光导型全反射长光路毛细吸收管(TR-LCC)。比普通的吸光光度法的测定灵敏度提高4个数量级以上。并进一步探讨了在TR-LCC中存在的两种不同形式的光通路——子午光线和螺旋光路,以及对测定灵敏度的影响。对决定吸光度的各种因素进行了理论的探讨,得出了在全反射长光路毛细吸收管吸光光度法中吸光度的理论计算式——对朗伯-比尔定律的补正式。同时运用微型电子计算机进行了计算解析,确定了由于吸收管壁的多重反射对于测定吸光度的增幅效果,以及其工作曲线是一条弯曲的曲线,偏离理想状态下的朗伯-比尔定律。
In this paper, using optical Snell’s law of refraction, using the liquid with high refractive index of carbon disulfide as the mixed solvent, the total reflection of incident light in the absorption tube is realized and the light guide type total reflection length is similar to that of the liquid optical fiber Light Path Capillary Absorption Tube (TR-LCC). Determination of sensitivity than ordinary absorbance increased by 4 orders of magnitude or more. The two different forms of light path, the meridional and the helical path, existing in the TR-LCC are also discussed, and the influence on the sensitivity of the measurement is also discussed. The various factors that determine the absorbance were discussed theoretically, and the theoretical formula of absorbance in the absorption spectrophotometry of total reflection long wavelength capillary tube was derived - the complement to Lambert - Beer ’s law. At the same time, the computational analysis was carried out by using a microcomputer, and the effect of increasing the absorbance by multiple reflection of the absorption tube wall was determined. The working curve was a curved curve, which deviated from the ideal Lambert-Beer law.