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端粒酶是一种依赖RNA的逆转录酶 ,能够延长染色体末端的端粒长度。它由端粒酶RNA亚单位 ,端粒酶蛋白催化亚单位及连接二者的端粒酶相关蛋白组成。端粒酶活化是细胞永生化和肿瘤形成的关键步骤 ,而端粒酶的活性表达及其调控机制与细胞周期及细胞凋亡基因密切相关 ,阐明端粒酶与细胞周期及细胞凋亡的关系 ,对深入了解恶性肿瘤的发病机制及肿瘤的预防、诊断和治疗均有重要意义。
Telomerase is an RNA-dependent reverse transcriptase that extends telomere length at the chromosome ends. It consists of a telomerase RNA subunit, a telomerase protein catalytic subunit, and a telomerase-associated protein that links the two. Telomerase activation is a key step in the process of cell immortalization and tumorigenesis. However, telomerase activity and its regulatory mechanism are closely related to cell cycle and apoptosis genes, and clarify the relationship between telomerase and cell cycle and apoptosis It is of great significance to understand the pathogenesis of malignant tumors and the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of tumors.