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有机固体是一门多学科交叉的新型研究领域。主要研究具有磁性、光导、电导等特殊性质的分子体系的设计、合成与应用。本文在前人工作的基础上 ,对有机导体及有机超导体的发展历程、结构规律、导电性质作了总结 ;并对有机导体及超导体的单晶培养、晶体电导率的测量方法作了描述。目前 ,有机超导体的超导温度最高己达 12 .8K ,科学家除了改变不同的阴离子与现有的给体培养单晶外 ,还对现有的给体进行修饰和设计并合成了新的给体 ,本文对这一方面也进行了综述。同时对有机导体及超导体发展前景进行了展望。
Organic solid is a new multidisciplinary field of research. The main research has the magnetic, photoconductive, conductance and other special properties of the molecular system design, synthesis and application. Based on the previous work, this paper summarizes the development of organic and organic superconductors, the regularity of their structure and the properties of their conductivity. The methods of single crystal growth and crystal conductivity measurement of organic and superconductors are described. At present, the superconductivity of organic superconductors has reached as high as 12.8K. In addition to changing different anions and existing donor single crystals, scientists also modified and designed existing donors and synthesized new donors This article also summarizes this aspect. At the same time, prospects for the development of organic conductors and superconductors are prospected.