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世传《道德经》最早英译为传教士湛约翰于1868年完成。然而,笔者新发现的耶鲁大学《道德经》英译手稿则完成于1859年。我们无法确知该稿的译者为谁,但可从一些相关线索中去推断出各种可能。该译本是由1842年儒莲法译本转译而成。译稿是圣公会中的一位学生为裨治文所誊抄。裨治文逝世之后,手稿流转至耶鲁大学首任汉学教授卫三畏手中。本文将这部手稿置放于儒莲、卫三畏、裨治文、湛约翰、王韬和梁进德等人相互交往的文化网络中去看待,解释译本产生的语境,并推测誊抄者可能是梁进德,而译者可能便是裨治文。
Biography of the World of Scriptures "The earliest English translation of the missionary Cham John completed in 1868. However, the newly discovered Manuscripts of English Translation of Moral Classics by Yale University were completed in 1859. We can not know who the translator is for this draft, but we can deduce various possibilities from some relevant clues. The translation was translated from the translation of the 1845 lotus verse. The translation is a copy of an article from the Anglican Church written by a gentleman. After Richmond’s death, the manuscript went to Wei Sanwei, the first Sinology professor at Yale University. This article puts the manuscript in a cultural network of interactions among Confucianism, Wei Sanwei, Lisi Wen, Zhan John, Wang Tao, and Liang Jinde, explaining the context in which the translation is produced and speculating that the copy may be made by Liang Jinde , But the translator may be gentle governance text.