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经济学以“理性人”为基本假设，即经济主体都是利益或效用最大化的追求者。当某利益主体在行为决策中一方面受到其他利益主体的影响，另一方面他又影响到其他利益主体的行为选择时，就不可避免地产生博弈问题。不论是政府的宏观财务活动，还是企业的微观财务活动，也同样存在财务利益的博弈现象。国家或企业的各项财务制度从出台到执行的过程，往往也是利益集团及政策相关人多方博弈的过程。政府行为的调整乃至社会制度的变迁亦是博弈的结果。其实，博弈行为广泛存在于经济生活之中。 1．企业与政府的财务行为博弈 传统计划体制下，政府集中了对企业的所有权利尤其是财务权利，并以单
Economics takes “rational man” as the basic assumption that all economic subjects are the pursuers of the maximization of interests or utility. When a stakeholder is influenced by other stakeholders in behavior decision-making, on the one hand, and on the other hand, it affects the choice of other stakeholders' behavior, the game problem inevitably arises. Whether the government's macro-financial activities, or the micro-financial activities of enterprises, there are also the phenomenon of financial interests of the game. From the introduction to the implementation of the financial systems of the state or enterprises, it is often the process of multi-party game between interest groups and relevant parties in policy. The adjustment of government behavior and even the change of social system are also the result of the game. In fact, the game exists in a wide range of economic activities. 1. Business and government financial behavior game Traditional planning system, the government focused on all the rights of enterprises, especially financial rights, and a single