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目的研究知识、态度和社会规范与青少年新型毒品使用之间的关系并构建影响模式。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法进行抽样。来自武汉市初中、高中、职业高中和大学的共3018名学生参加了问卷调查,调查是无记名和自愿的。采用确证性因子分析构建测量模型,采用结构方法模型进行评价、修正以确定最佳模型。结果武汉市青少年新型毒品的滥用率为3.28%,其中男女生分别为4.81%和1.94%,普通初中、高中、职业高中和大学生的毒品滥用率分别为1.80%、2.91%、7.83%和3.25%。模型拟和效果较好。模型结果显示:知识、态度、社会规范影响青少年使用新型毒品,其中态度、社会规范直接影响青少年吸毒或吸毒倾向,而知识通过态度、社会规范的中介作用发挥效应。结论对新型毒品的了解不足、对待毒品的态度不正确以及吸毒社会规范不强增加青少年使用新型毒品的风险。
Objective To study the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and social norms and new drug use among adolescents and to establish the impact model. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used for sampling. A total of 3,018 students from junior and senior high schools, senior high schools, vocational high schools and universities in Wuhan took part in the questionnaire survey, which was conducted anonymous and voluntary. The confirmatory factor analysis is used to construct the measurement model, and the structural method model is used to evaluate and correct the measurement model to determine the best model. Results The abuse rates of new drugs among adolescents in Wuhan were 3.28%, of which 4.81% and 1.94% respectively for boys and girls, 1.80%, 2.91%, 7.83% and 3.25% for ordinary middle and high schools, vocational high schools and college students respectively. . Model fitting effect is better. The results of the model show that knowledge, attitudes and social norms affect young people to use new drugs. Among them, attitude and social norms directly affect young people’s drug abuse or drug abuse tendency, while knowledge plays an effect through intermediaries of attitude and social norms. Conclusions Insufficient knowledge of new drugs, incorrect attitudes toward drugs and poor social norms of drug abuse increase the risk of young people using new drugs.