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近年来,关于合金钢加热炉气氛控制及内氧化形成黑色组织问题引起国内外普遍注意,对黑色组织起因、形态、成份等方面做了大量工作。认为钢件表面黑色组织除了有钢中某些合金元素的金属氧化物如硅、锰、铬等氧化物外,还由于表面合金元素贫化,使钢淬透性下降,形成屈氏体等非马氏体组织。后者范围较大,因此对性能影响更为显著。在吸热型气氛加热、渗碳或碳氮共渗工艺中,最易形成内氧化的钢材是铬
In recent years, the control of the atmosphere of the alloy steel furnace and the formation of black tissue by internal oxidation have attracted widespread attention at home and abroad, and a great deal of work has been done on the causes, forms and compositions of black tissues. That the black surface of steel in addition to some of the alloy elements in the steel of metal oxides such as silicon, manganese, chromium and other oxides, but also due to the depletion of the surface alloying elements, the hardenability of steel decreased to form troostite and other non Martensitic tissue. The latter range is larger, so the performance impact is more significant. In the endothermic atmosphere heating, carburizing or carbonitriding process, the most easily formed within the oxidation of steel is chromium