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爆发于1923年的“科玄论战”是中国近代思想文化史上具有深远影响的重要事件。以张君劢为代表的玄学派和以丁文江、胡适为代表的科学派就人生观问题展开激烈交锋。在传统儒学信仰解体和知识阶层文化反思的时代背景下,以陈独秀为代表的中国早期马克思主义者运用唯物史观深刻批判科玄两派的理论,证明唯物史观是中国哲学的发展方向,并以此指导中国革命实践。
The 1923 “Science and Metaphysics Debate” was an important event that had a far-reaching impact on the history of modern Chinese thought and culture. Metaphysics represented by Zhang Junmai and the scientific school represented by Ding Wenjiang and Hu Shi fought a fierce battle on the issue of outlook on life. Under the background of traditional Confucianism disintegration and intellectual cultural reflection, the early Chinese Marxists represented by Chen Duxiu profoundly criticized the theories of the two schools by materialism, and proved that the historical materialism is the development direction of Chinese philosophy. In order to guide China’s revolutionary practice.