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大豆种质资源包括地方品种、推广品种、引进品种、具有某些特异性状的品系,以及野生大豆和半野生大豆。随着大批大豆品种在农业推广上的应用,使原有的品种不断被更新淘汰,甚至消失,其中以地方品种尤为明显,这些作物种质资源的流失,品种选育集中在少量的优良亲本上,使得大豆品种选育的遗传基础日趋狭窄。随着特用大豆市场需求越来越大,对于优质的特用豆品种选育也越来越迫切。笔者通过对8种东北地区代表性特用豆地方品种为期3年的调查,根据生育期、植株特征等重要农艺性状,结合生产调查,初步整理出这8种东北地区特用豆地方品种类型、特性。
Soybean germplasm resources include local varieties, popularized varieties, introduced varieties, lines with certain traits, and wild and semi-wild soybeans. With the application of a large number of soybean varieties in agricultural extension, the original varieties have been continuously updated or even eliminated. Among them, the local varieties are particularly obvious, the loss of germplasm resources of these crops and the breeding of varieties are concentrated in a small number of excellent parents , Making the genetic basis of soybean breeding increasingly narrowed. With the growing demand for special-purpose soybean market, the selection of high-quality special bean varieties is also becoming more and more urgent. Based on the investigation of 8 representative local soybean cultivars in northeast China for 3 years, according to the important agronomic traits such as growth period and plant characteristics, combined with the production survey, the author sorted out 8 types of local bean varieties in northeast China, characteristic.