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获得性金属β-内酰胺酶(金属酶)已经在全球出现,并且能导致对几乎所有β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药。近来,金属酶已经在我国的铜绿假单胞菌和杨氏柠檬酸菌中发现,但尚未在鲍氏不动杆菌中发现。2002和2003年,从四川大学华西医院的临床标本中分离出一些亚胺培南耐药或头孢他啶高度耐药的鲍氏不动杆菌菌株。通过亚胺培南联合亚胺培南-EDTA-邻二氮菲或头孢他啶联合头孢他啶-EDTA-邻二氮菲的琼脂稀释法,检测出12株不重复的鲍氏不动杆菌产金属酶。这些产金属酶的菌株主要分离自机械通气相关性肺炎患者的痰标本。PCR扩增IMP-4和VIM-2的编码基因无阳性结果。说明这些菌株所产的金属酶并非IMP-4、VIM-2、VIM-3和VIM-6。这是首次在我国内地发现有产金属酶的鲍氏不动杆菌。
Acquired metal β-lactamases (metalloenzymes) have emerged worldwide and can lead to resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics. Recently, metalloenzymes have been found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter young Chinese, but have not been found in Acinetobacter baumannii. In 2002 and 2003, some strains of Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to imipenem or ceftazidime were isolated from the clinical specimens of West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Twelve non-repetitive Acinetobacter baumannii metalloenzymes were detected by imipenem combined imipenem-EDTA-phenanthroline or ceftazidime plus ceftazidime-EDTA-phenanthroline agar dilution method. These metalloenzyme-producing strains are mainly isolated from sputum specimens of patients with mechanical ventilation-related pneumonia. PCR-amplified IMP-4 and VIM-2 encoding gene no positive results. This indicates that the metalloenzymes produced by these strains are not IMP-4, VIM-2, VIM-3 and VIM-6. This is the first time that Acinetobacter baumannii has been found in our country to produce metalloenzymes.