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一、引言 近年来,随着航天、航空、电讯和兵器等高技术工业的发展,轻合金薄壁复杂铸体的生产在铸造工业中的地位越来越见重要。许多以往用机加、焊接、铆接等方法生产的精密部件由于加工手段对其复杂程度的限制,并且加工产生的变形难于满足其日益提高的精度要求,而转用具有整体成形特长的铸造方法生产。复杂薄壁件尤其如此。相对一般铸件说来,薄壁件的铸造过程更加复杂和难于控制,在表面光洁度、尺寸精度和形状的复杂程度上,对薄壁件的要求也更为严格。
I. Introduction In recent years, with the development of high-tech industries such as aerospace, aviation, telecommunications and weapons, the production of light alloy thin-wall complex castings has become increasingly important in the foundry industry. Many of the precision parts produced in the past by machining, welding, riveting and the like are limited in their complexity due to the processing means, and the deformation produced by the processing is difficult to meet the ever-increasing precision requirement, and is instead produced by the casting method having the integral shaping characteristic . This is especially true for complex thin-walled parts. Relative to the general castings, the casting process of thin-walled parts is more complicated and difficult to control. The requirements for thin-walled parts are also more stringent in the aspects of surface finish, dimensional accuracy and shape complexity.