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目的:探讨注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾致急性肾盂肾炎患者白细胞减少的发生情况和临床特征。方法:收集2019年1—12月在香港大学深圳医院肾内科住院期间使用注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾且用药前白细胞计数（WBC）≥4.0×10n 9/L的急性肾盂肾炎患者的电子病历，提取患者基本信息、注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾用药情况、合并用药情况、用药前后血常规检查结果、白细胞减少发生情况以及白细胞减少的干预和转归等，计算白细胞减少发生率，并分析该不良反应的临床特征。白细胞减少定义为WBC20 g/L和/或红细胞计数下降>0.5×10n 12/L。12例患者均无明显临床症状，停药后未给予其他干预，11例WBC恢复正常，1例不详（停药第2天出院后失访）。n 结论:注射用阿莫西林钠克拉维酸钾致急性肾盂肾炎患者白细胞减少的发生率为9.0%，多发生在用药6 d内，一般无明显症状，停药后可恢复，预后良好。“,”Objective:To explore the occurrence and clinical characteristics of leukopenia induced by amoxicillin sodium and clavulanate potassium for injection in patients with acute pyelonephritis.Methods:The subjects were patients with acute pyelonephritis who used amoxicillin sodium clavulanate potassium for injection during hospitalization in the Department of Nephrology, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital from January to December 2019 and had a white blood cell count (WBC) ≥4.0×10n 9/L before amoxicillin sodium clavulanate potassium for injection administration. Cases of leucopenia caused by amoxicillin sodium clavulanate potassium for injection were collected and the patients′ basic information, duration of treatment with amoxicillin sodium clavulanate potassium for injection, concomitant medications, blood cell count before and after administration, leukopenia occurrence, and interventions and outcomes of leukopenia were extracted from electronic medical records. The incidence of leucopenia was calculated and the clinical characteristics of the adverse reaction were analyzed. Leukopenia was defined as WBC 20 g/L and (or) erythrocyte count decrease >0.5×10 n 12/L. None of the 12 patients had obvious clinical symptoms, and no other interventions were given after discontinuation of the drug. WBC returned to normal in 11 patients and was unknown in the other 1 patient because the patient was lost to follow-up on day 2 of drug discontinuation after discharge.n Conclusions:Amoxicillin sodium clavulanate potassium for injection can cause leukopenia in patients with acute pyelonephritis, which mostly occurs within 6 days of medication. It is generally asymptomatic and can recover after drug discontinuation. The prognosis is good.