长久以来,水被认为是大自然的恩赐,可以任意取用和挥霍。然而,随着生态环境的日益恶化和人口的不断膨胀,曾经充足、近乎免费、简单易取的水资源正在变得稀缺而又昂贵。由于水的多数用途(特别是种植粮食)没有可替代品,特别是在农业这一基础性经济领域,水短缺已引发了一系列潜在的矛盾,不仅给世界经济结构带来消极影响,而且严重威胁食品安全和人类健康。为了有效应对水资源不足,继碳交易之后,水权交易及水的大宗商品化也应运而生。 For a long time, water was considered as a gift of nature and could be freely used and squandered. However, as the ecological environment worsens and the population continues to swell, once sufficient, almost free, easy-to-access water resources are becoming scarce and expensive. As there is no substitute for water for most uses, especially for grain, especially in the basic economy of agriculture, water shortages have triggered a series of potential conflicts that have not only negatively affected the world economic structure but have also been serious Threaten food safety and human health. In order to effectively deal with the shortage of water resources, following the carbon trading, water rights trading and water commodityization also came into being.