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进给机构一般采用普通齿轮或蜗轮传动,其传动链长,结构复杂,如采用一齿差齿轮进给机构,传动链短,结构简单,效率高。图1a 是采用一齿差进给机构的镗孔机头,图1b 是其传动原理图,现作如下介绍。1.传动原理:电动机的旋转运动经变速后传到齿轮7(电动机及变速机构未画出),带动主轴套4旋转,主轴套4通过钩头键3带动主轴1逆时针方向旋转,固定在主轴后面的螺母5和主轴一起旋转。另外,齿轮7通过长键及顶套和长齿轮8联在一起,齿轮8与齿轮13啮合,齿轮13在固定轴12上滑动,便能与双联齿轮10的两个齿分别啮合。齿轮10通过长键与丝杆联结在一起转动,由于丝杆转动使螺母带着主轴实现进刀和退刀。
The feeding mechanism generally adopts ordinary gears or worm gears, and the transmission chain is long and the structure is complicated. For example, a gear transmission mechanism with a tooth is adopted, the transmission chain is short, the structure is simple and the efficiency is high. Figure 1a is a use of a tooth gap feed mechanism boring head, Figure 1b is its drive schematic, are as follows. 1. Transmission principle: The motor’s rotation movement is transmitted to the gear 7 after the speed change (the motor and the transmission mechanism are not shown) to drive the spindle sleeve 4 to rotate. The spindle sleeve 4 drives the spindle 1 to rotate anticlockwise through the hook key 3, The nut 5 behind the spindle rotates with the spindle. In addition, the gear 7 is connected with the long gear 8 through the long key, the top cover and the long gear 8, the gear 8 meshes with the gear 13, and the gear 13 slides on the fixed shaft 12 to mesh with the two teeth of the double gear 10 respectively. The gear 10 is connected with the screw rod through the long key to rotate together, and the nut is brought with the spindle to feed and retract due to the rotation of the screw rod.