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目的:采用GC-MS法对不同采收期江香薷挥发油化学成分进行比较分析。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取江香薷全草挥发油,以毛细管柱进行分析,归一化法测定其百分含量,并用气相色谱-质谱法对化学成分进行鉴定。色谱柱:HP-5MS石英毛细管柱(30m×0.25mm×0.25μm),柱温:60℃(2min)→5℃·min-11 90℃(6min)→5℃·min-1250℃(5min);分流进样,分流比:50∶1;进样口温度:250℃。质谱条件:EI源,电子轰击能量70eV,倍增电压1.765kV,离子源温度230℃,扫描范围35～550amu。结果:分别分离鉴定了5月份药材挥发油中13个成分,6月份药材挥发油中22个成分,7月份药材挥发油中26个成分,8月份药材挥发油中27个成分,9月份药材挥发油中25个成分。百里香酚的百分含量8月份高于7月份、6月份。5月份及9月份江香薷挥发油中未检出百里香酚。结论:采收时间对江香薷挥发油化学成分组成及含量有显著影响。本研究为江香薷的合理开发利用及质量标准的制订提供了科学依据。
OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the chemical constituents of Volatile Oil from different harvest periods by GC-MS. Methods: Volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by capillary column. The content of volatile oil was determined by normalization method. The chemical constituents were identified by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Column: HP-5MS quartz capillary column (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25μm), column temperature: 60 ℃ (2min) → 5 ℃ · min-11 90 ℃ (6min) → 5 ℃ · min-1250 ℃ ; Split injection, split ratio: 50: 1; inlet temperature: 250 ° C. Mass spectrometry conditions: EI source, electron impact energy 70eV, doubling voltage 1.765kV, ion source temperature 230 ℃, scanning range 35 ~ 550amu. Results: Thirteen components of the volatile oil of medicinal herbs were separated and identified in May. Twenty-two components of medicinal volatile oil were analyzed in June, 26 components of medicinal volatile oil in July, 27 components of medicinal volatile oil in August, 25 components of medicinal volatile oil in September . The percentage of thymol was higher in August than in July and June. Thymol was not detected in the volatile oil from May and September. Conclusion: The harvesting time has a significant effect on the chemical composition and content of the volatile oil. This study provides a scientific basis for the rational development and utilization of Jiang Xiangfan and the formulation of quality standards.