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在地下洞室的开挖过程中，由于钻孔、爆破以及其它施工操作的影响，将会在洞室周围的岩体中产生出一个松动区．在这一区域中的岩体将会呈现出强烈的非线性特征．这种性征对围岩的位移有重要的影响，在基于位移监测所进行的反馈分析中必须加以考虑，否则会引起很大的误差．笔者在介绍了前人的几种松动区模型之后，提出了一种更适合于地下厂房复杂洞室群位移反馈分析的松动区模型，位移相关松动区模型（DDM）的概念，并介绍了它在我国最大的地下水电站地下厂房施工中的应用．
During the excavation of underground caverns, due to the influence of drilling, blasting and other construction operations, a loose zone will be created in the surrounding rock mass of the cavern. Rock masses in this area will exhibit strong nonlinear characteristics. This characteristic has an important influence on the displacement of the surrounding rock and must be considered in the feedback analysis based on displacement monitoring, otherwise it will cause a great error. After introducing some models of predecessors’ loose zones, the author proposes a loose zone model more suitable for the displacement feedback analysis of complex caverns in underground powerhouses, the concept of displacement-related loose zone model (DDM), and introduces it. Application in the construction of the underground powerhouse of the largest underground hydropower station in China.