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目的调查青少年学生的高血压现状,分析学生体质量指数(BMI)与血压之间的关系。方法本研究是一项490名学生包括体格检查在内的整群抽样调查研究,按我国成人BMI标准来进行分组,采用统计软件SPSS13.0来进行分析。结果大多数青少年学生是我国南方地区汉族人群。超重和肥胖合并发生率是12.9%,肥胖率为4.1%。血压正常高值占50.0%,高血压者仅占0.8%。新生超重和肥胖组中高血压和血压高值所占比率较高(χ2值=21.38,P<0.01)。除心率外,新生血压随着BMI升高而增高的线性趋势;超重组和肥胖组的收缩压均明显高于正常组和过低组,正常组的收缩压也高于过低组。新生BMI值与收缩压、舒张压正相关(相关系数分别为0.29和0.19;均P<0.001)。结论 BMI是青少年学生血压升高的一项预测指标,应减少青少年体质量超重和肥胖的发生。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among adolescent students and analyze the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure. Methods This study was conducted on a sample of 490 students, including the physical examination. The study was grouped according to our national adult BMI standard and analyzed using statistical software SPSS13.0. Results Most young students are Han Chinese in southern China. The incidence of overweight and obesity was 12.9% and obesity was 4.1%. Normal high blood pressure accounted for 50.0%, hypertension accounted for only 0.8%. The prevalence of high blood pressure and high blood pressure was higher in overweight and obesity neonates (χ2 = 21.38, P <0.01). In addition to heart rate, neonate blood pressure increased linearly with increasing BMI. Systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in overweight and obesity groups than in normal controls and in overweight patients. Systolic blood pressure in normal subjects was also higher than that in underweight controls. Neonatal BMI values were positively correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (correlation coefficients were 0.29 and 0.19; all P <0.001). Conclusions BMI is a predictor of blood pressure in adolescents and should reduce overweight and obesity among adolescents.