中国改革开放以来从以低技术、低附加值为主要特征的出口加工制造经济中获取众多益处。这不仅表现在巨大的贸易总量方面,而且体现在经济发展和国民生活提高领域,但以代工模式嵌入全球价值链也给中国带来沉重压力,使之面临着技术追赶困境、价值创造的低端约束困境、资源禀赋有限困境。尤其是,东部沿海地区以低端环节切入全球价值链,不仅抑制中西部地区的经济质量提升,而且会限制东部地区高端生产者服务业的发展。面对此困境,应从以下几方面做出“突破”:一是重视出口加工型企业升级的理论探索和企业外部环境的影响,由全球价值链转向开放式创新;二是转变企业生产经营模式:从基于要素驱动、投资驱动转向基于创新与财富驱动;三是重借鉴外部经验,重视自主技术创新和自主品牌建设。 Since the reform and opening up, China has benefited greatly from the export-manufacturing economy characterized by low technology and low added-value. This is not only reflected in the tremendous volume of trade but also in the areas of economic development and improvement of people’s livelihood. However, embedding the global value chain in a foundry model has also put heavy pressure on China so that it faces the challenge of technological catastrophe and value creation Low-end constraints, resource endowments limited predicament. In particular, cutting the eastern coastal areas into global value chains with low-end links not only hinders economic growth in central and western regions, but also limits the development of high-end producer services in the eastern region. In the face of this predicament, we should make “breakthroughs” in the following aspects. First, we should pay attention to the theoretical exploration of the upgrading of export processing enterprises and the influence of the external environment of the enterprises, from global value chains to open innovation; second, to transform the production and operation of enterprises Model: From element-driven, investment-driven to innovation-based and wealth-driven; Third, we should re-learn from external experience, attach importance to independent technological innovation and independent brand building.