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以环氧树脂为基体、蓖麻油酸(RA)或二聚蓖麻油酸(DRA)改性的四乙烯五胺(TEPA)(RATEPA/DRATEPA)作为固化剂、水为致孔剂、釉粉为无机填料,通过树脂-水-填料悬浮乳液复合体系聚合法,在室温下合成了环氧树脂多孔材料,采用SEM、压汞仪、电子万能试验机、TGA对多孔材料的形貌、孔径分布、孔隙率、机械性能及热性能进行了表征和测试。结果表明:随着水相质量分数和填料粒径的增大,多孔材料的孔径和孔隙率增大,压缩强度减小;随着固化剂分子量的增大,多孔材料的孔径和孔隙率减小,压缩强度增大。当填料粒径为40μm,固化剂为RATEPA,m(水相)∶m(树脂相)=2∶1时,多孔材料的综合性能最佳,其最可几孔径为3.449μm,孔隙率为21.8%,压缩强度为26.89 MPa。TGA和DTG测试结果表明:环氧树脂多孔材料的热稳定良好,具有耐高温性能,可以在高温条件下应用。
Based on epoxy resin, ricinoleic acid (RA) or dimeric ricinoleic acid (DRA) modified tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) (RATEPA / DRATEPA) was used as the curing agent and water as porogen. Inorganic filler, the epoxy resin porous material was synthesized at room temperature by the resin-water-filler suspension emulsion polymerization system. The morphology, pore size distribution, pore size distribution and mechanical properties of the porous material were investigated by SEM, mercury porosimetry, electronic universal testing machine and TGA. Porosity, mechanical properties and thermal properties were characterized and tested. The results show that with the increase of the mass fraction of water and filler, the pore size and porosity of porous materials increase and the compressive strength decreases. With the increase of molecular weight, the pore size and porosity of porous materials decrease , Compressive strength increases. When the particle size of filler is 40μm and the curing agent is RATEPA, m (water phase): m (resin phase) = 2:1, the porous material has the best comprehensive performance with the most probable pore diameter of 3.449μm and the porosity of 21.8 %, Compressive strength of 26.89 MPa. TGA and DTG test results show that: epoxy porous material with good thermal stability, high temperature performance, can be used under high temperature conditions.