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第一次鸦片战争结束以后,极少数有识之士开始意识到中国与西方在科技、军事等方面的巨大差距,但这种认识直到英法联军攻入北京以后,才被人们重视。由此,中国开始了一场持续近30年的洋务运动。洋务运动的主要推动者是恭亲王奕等人。在英法联军进攻北京的
After the First Opium War, a very small number of people of insight began to realize the great disparity between China and the West in terms of science, technology and military affairs. However, this understanding was not taken seriously until the Anglo-French coalition forces invaded Beijing. As a result, China started a foreign affairs movement lasting nearly 30 years. The main promoter of the Westernization Movement is Prince Gong and others. In the British and French troops attack Beijing