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《海绵城市建设技术指南——低影响开发雨水系统构建(试行)》(简称《指南》)对不同地区低影响开发(LID)系统的年径流总量控制率提出了具体要求,但《指南》中同一类型地区的LID达标却面临不同的问题。以上海市为研究对象,探讨在南方平原城市地下水位高、土壤渗透性差、建筑密度高等限制条件下,适用的生态滞蓄型LID设施的选择问题;利用SWMM模型评估下渗作用受限制的应用条件下,设施的年水量控制效果。结果显示,在接近最大可能条件下进行低影响开发,上海典型城区LID系统的年径流总量控制率低于55%,难以达到《指南》的要求。因此建议,在南方平原地区将滞蓄型LID设施排水管道的出流水量计入受到控制的水量范围,以体现不同区域雨水管理目标的差别。
Technical Guidelines for Sponge City Construction - Building a Low Impact Rainwater System for Development (Trial) (the “Guide”) sets out specific requirements for annual runoff control rates for low impact development (LID) systems in different regions, LID compliance in the same type of area faces different problems. Taking Shanghai as the research object, this paper discusses the selection of suitable ecological storage LID facilities under the conditions of high groundwater level, poor soil permeability and high building density in the southern plains cities. The SWMM model is used to evaluate the limited application of infiltration effects Under the conditions, the facility’s annual water control effect. The results show that the control of the total annual runoff of LID system in Shanghai typical urban area is less than 55%, which is difficult to achieve the requirements of the Guideline when low-impact development is carried out near the maximum possible conditions. It is therefore recommended that the outflow of sewer LID facilities in the southern plains be included in the controlled volume of water to reflect the differences in stormwater management objectives for different regions.