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目的了解足月儿脑室周围-脑室内出血(PIHV)的发病情况及影响发病的相关围生因素。方法于2006年11月至2008年10月,对在我院出生(包括入住新生儿病房和母婴同室母亲有高危因素)的658例足月高危儿,于生后1周内进行头颅超声检查,并记录相关围生因素,与同期出生的全部早产儿136例作对照。结果658例足月儿PIVH发病率为42.9%。其中Ⅰ级36.9%,Ⅱ级5.5%,Ⅲ级0.5%。Ⅰ、Ⅱ级PIVH患儿多无明显的临床症状。本组资料显示有围生高危因素的足月高危儿PIVH发病率高于早产儿;并且出生体重≥4000g的巨大儿PIVH发病率为58.4%,高于出生体重<4000g的足月高危儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其他相关围生因素,包括母亲合并妊娠高血压综合征、妊娠糖尿病、母亲年龄、经产与初产、分娩方式、胎儿宫内窘迫、出生时Apgar评分、出生体重、胎龄,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本文证实了足月高危儿PIVH有较高的发病率,具有高危围生因素如出生体重≥4000g的巨大儿PIVH发病率为58.4%,应作为头颅超声检查的重点。
Objective To investigate the incidence of perinatal ventriculoventricular hemorrhage (PIHV) in full-term infants and its related perinatal factors. Methods From November 2006 to October 2008, 658 full-term high-risk infants born in our hospital (including those who were admitted to neonatal wards and mothers with same mothers) were examined by skull ultrasound within one week after birth , And record the relevant perinatal factors, with all born in the same period 136 cases of preterm infants as a control. Results The incidence of PIVH in 658 full-term infants was 42.9%. Of which Ⅰ grade 36.9%, Ⅱ grade 5.5%, Ⅲ grade 0.5%. Ⅰ, Ⅱ PIVH children with no obvious clinical symptoms. The data showed that the risk of perinatal high risk of full-term high incidence of PIVH PIVH higher than children; and birth weight ≥ 4000g macrosomial PIVH incidence was 58.4%, higher than birth weight <4000g full-term high-risk children, differences There was statistical significance (P <0.05). Other relevant perinatal factors, including maternal complications of pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, age of mother, preterm birth, mode of delivery, fetal distress, Apgar score at birth, birth weight, gestational age, Significance (P> 0.05). Conclusions This study confirms the high incidence of PIVH in term high-risk infants and high-risk perinatal factors such as 58.4% incidence of PIVH in macular children weighing> 4000 g, which should be the focus of head ultrasound examination.