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疼痛是许多疾病常见的症状,剧烈疼痛常引起失眠或生理功能紊乱甚至引起休克。应用镇痛药能解除或减轻痛苦防止休克发生。但疼痛的性质和部位在诊断上具有一定的参考价值,所以医生应尽可能弄清病因而后再用镇痛药。镇痛药可以分为二大类:强镇痛药和解热镇痛药第一节强镇痛药(简称镇痛药) 典型镇痛药为阿片生物碱及其合成代用品。一、阿片生物碱类镇痛药阿片是罂粟未成熟蒴果浆汁的干燥物,含有20多种生物碱,吗啡占10％,是主要生物碱,可待因占0.5％。
Pain is a common symptom of many diseases. Severe pain often causes insomnia or physiological dysfunction and even shock. Application of analgesics can relieve or alleviate the pain to prevent the occurrence of shock. However, the nature and location of the pain in the diagnosis of a certain reference value, so doctors should try to clarify the cause and then use analgesics. Analgesics can be divided into two categories: strong analgesics and antipyretic analgesics strong analgesics (referred to as analgesics) typical analgesics opioid alkaloids and their synthetic substitutes. Opioid Alkaloids Analgesic opium is a dried poppy unripe capsule juice contains 20 kinds of alkaloids, morphine accounts for 10%, is the main alkaloid, codeine 0.5%.