本文总结87例急慢性重症呼吸衰竭患者应用纤支镜经鼻气管插管行机械通气及支气管肺泡灌洗协助治疗的效果。结果表明,纤支镜引导经鼻气管插管能快速、安全、高效地建立人工气道。应用纤支镜进行肺泡灌洗,能非常高效地协助治疗下呼吸道感染,缩短机械通气时间,降低死亡率和医疗费用。 This article summarizes the results of 87 cases of acute and chronic severe respiratory failure patients with bronchoscopic endotracheal intubation with mechanical ventilation and bronchoalveolar lavage assisted treatment. The results showed that bronchofibers guidance through the nasotracheal intubation can quickly, safely and efficiently establish artificial airway. Pulmonary lavage with fiberoptic bronchoscopy can assist in the treatment of lower respiratory infections very efficiently, shortening the duration of mechanical ventilation and reducing mortality and medical costs.