第二次世界大战以来,武器的战术技术性能不断提高。特别是本世纪六十年代以后,坦克装甲逐渐加厚,复合装甲的采用,装甲性能的提高,飞机航速的加快,压制火炮口径的加大等。这些变化就要求炮弹穿甲能力强,直射距离大,飞行速度高,压制火炮射程远。要达到这些要求,就需要提高炮弹的初速,增加火炮的能源。增加能源的办法:一是提高火药 Since the Second World War, the tactical and technical performance of weapons has been continuously improved. Especially since the 1960s, the tank armor has been gradually thickened, the use of composite armor, the improvement of armor performance, the speeding of aircraft and the increase of the caliber of suppressed artillery. These changes require the ability of armor piercings, direct long-range, high flying speed, suppression of long-range artillery. To meet these requirements, it is necessary to increase the muzzle velocity and increase the energy of artillery. Way to increase energy: First, increase gunpowder