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为进一步了解水稻雄性不育现象,调查了光温敏核质互作不育系‘2310SA’、光温敏核不育系‘2310S’和核质互作不育系‘2277A’三类水稻及正常粳稻在不同光温环境下穗发育后期花药和剑叶中超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶等抗氧化酶的活性及丙二醛的含量和光合速率的变化。结果表明,水稻花药比叶片对光温胁迫更敏感,不育与可育花药活性氧代谢方面有明显差异。不同类型的不育水稻败育生理不尽相同,光温环境变化对光温敏核不育水稻‘2310S’有更明显的胁迫性,其不育花粉发育后期,上述3种抗氧化酶不能协同作用,SOD活性高,POD活性低,膜脂过氧化程度高和时间提前。其他两类不育系中POD活性也稳定较低,显示其可能与水稻不育花粉的形成更相关,同时,不育水稻中光合速率较低。
In order to further understand the phenomenon of male sterility in rice, three genotypes of photo-thermo-sensitive nuclear-cytoplasmic male sterile line ’2310SA’, thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line ’2310S’ and nuclear-cytoplasmic male sterile line ’2277A’ Changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase and the content of malondialdehyde and photosynthetic rate in anther and flag leaf of normal japonica rice in different light and temperature environments in the late stage of spike development. The results showed that the anther of rice was more sensitive to light and temperature stress than that of leaf, and there was a significant difference in the metabolism of reactive oxygen between male sterile and fertile anther. The abortion physiology of different types of sterile rice varied. The light and temperature changes had more obvious stress on the photo-thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile rice ’2310S’. The sterility of pollen could not be synergistic with the three kinds of antioxidant enzymes, SOD activity is high, POD activity is low, the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation and time ahead. The other two types of CMS also showed a low POD activity, indicating that it may be more related to the formation of rice pollen. At the same time, the photosynthetic rate of CMS was lower.