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发声态是指人类说话时声门活动的状态。由于喉部难以直接观察,以往的研究主要依靠感知来描述。与口耳之学的传统语言学相比,基于实验语音学的发声态研究起步较晚。不过随着学科的发展,发声态在语音学研究中的作用日益凸显,无论是对共时描写还是对历时演变研究都起着重要的作用。本文回顾了发声态研究的历史,讨论了发声态的类型、研究方法、研究意义,并对发声态研究中存在的若干问题进行了分析。
Phonetic state refers to the state of human glottal activity when speaking. Due to the difficulty of direct observation of the throat, previous studies rely mainly on perception to describe. Compared with the traditional linguistics of Oral Learning, phonetic research based on experimental phonology started late. However, with the development of disciplines, the role of phonetic states in phonetic studies has become increasingly prominent, both for synchronic description and for the evolution of history play an important role. This paper reviews the history of phonetic state research, discusses the types of phonetic states, research methods, research significance, and analyzes some problems in phonetic state research.