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空心钢锭的铸态缺陷主要存在于距空心钢锭内壁1/3~1/2处,其独特的凝固特点决定其开坯锻造和实心钢锭有很大区别。通过Deform-3D数值模拟软件,探究空心钢锭在不同压下率下的芯轴拔长变形规律,得到拔长不利于改善空心钢锭内部缺陷。研究空心钢锭在不同芯轴直径、不同压下率下的芯轴扩孔变形规律,得出芯轴直径的选择应保持μ在60%~75%范围内、压下率处于25%~35%较为合理。探究芯轴扩孔对空心钢锭球形、径向、轴向、切向空洞型缺陷的压实效果,结果表明:芯轴扩孔可以闭合空心钢锭中的球形、切向和轴向空洞,对径向空洞有明显的压实作用,验证了采用芯轴扩孔作为开坯工步的可靠性。
Hollow ingot casting defects mainly exist in the inner wall of the hollow ingot 1/3 ~ 1/2, its unique solidification characteristics of its billet forging and solid ingot are very different. Deform-3D numerical simulation software was used to investigate the mandrel pull-out deformation of hollow ingots under different reduction rates. It is not conducive to improve the internal defects of hollow ingots. The deformation law of mandrel reaming under different mandrel diameter and different reduction ratio was studied. It was concluded that the choice of mandrel diameter should be kept in the range of 60% -75% and the reduction rate should be 25% -35% More reasonable. The compaction effect of mandrel reaming on hollow, radial, axial and tangential hollow defects of hollow steel ingot was investigated. The results showed that the mandrel reaming can close the spherical, tangential and axial cavities in hollow ingot, The hollow has obvious compaction, verified the use of mandrel reaming as a billet step reliability.