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以乙醇+水(1∶1)作为溶剂,采用微波辅助提取、浸泡提取等方法,从白花曼陀罗种子中得到提取液,用此液对春尺蠖等昆虫进行了活性测定。结果表明,白花曼陀罗种子提取液对杨毛臀萤叶甲东方亚种成虫、春尺蠖和荨麻蛱蝶幼虫具有较强的拒食活性,对蚜虫具有较强的触杀活性。其中,白花曼陀罗种子微波辅助提取液的拒食活性和触杀活性很强,24 h的拒食率达到了81.48%以上,处理48 h后对蚜虫的触杀活性高达88.7%。同样的拒食活性物质对幼虫的拒食率要比成虫高。相同溶剂的微波辅助提取液和直接浸提液的活性比较说明,利用微波辅助提取有利于生物活性物质的溶出。
Using ethanol + water (1: 1) as solvent, the extract was obtained from the Datura stramonium seed using microwave-assisted extraction and soaking extract. The results showed that the Datura stramonium seed extract had strong antifeedant activity against adults of Acremonium yunnanensis, larvae of Schima superba and nettle butterflies, and had strong contact activity against aphids. Among them, the microwave-assisted extract of Datura manchurian Seeds had a strong antifeedant activity and contact activity, the antifeedant rate reached 81.48% at 24 h, and the contact activity against aphids was 88.7% after 48 h treatment. The same antifeedant active substances on larvae antifeedant rate higher than adults. The comparison of the activity of the microwave-assisted extract and the direct extract of the same solvent shows that the use of microwave-assisted extraction is beneficial to the dissolution of bioactive substances.