本文以推动马克思主义政治经济学的创新发展为目标,以马克思主义最优经济增长理论为线索,在系统评述该理论的建模特点与主要结论的基础上,通过与西方经济学数学模型的对比辨析,对马克思主义政治经济学数学化的基本原则与建模思路进行了探讨。研究指出:马克思主义政治经济学并不排斥数学方法,但是对其进行数学化建模的过程必须要以坚持历史唯物主义的研究方法作为基本原则,即抓住生产力与生产关系这对矛盾及其运动来对经济社会的运行规律进行分析。具体而言,在坚持劳动价值论的基础上,构建一种包含工人与资本家两种行为主体,区分生产资料与消费资料两大部类,并且纳入剥削关系与迂回生产特点的动态模型可能是一种可行的建模思路。 This article aims to promote the innovation and development of Marxist political economy and clues to the Marxist theory of optimal economic growth. Based on the systematic review of the modeling features and main conclusions of the theory, this article compares the mathematical model with Western economics Analyzes and discusses the basic principles and modeling ideas of mathematicalization of Marxist political economy. The study points out that Marxist political economy does not exclude mathematical methods, but the process of mathematical modeling must adhere to the historical materialism research method as the basic principle, that is, grasp the contradiction between productivity and production relations and its Movement to analyze the law of operation of economy and society. Specifically, on the basis of adhering to the labor theory of value, it is possible to construct a dynamic model that includes the two main actors of workers and capitalists, distinguishes between two major categories of means of production and consumption, and incorporates the characteristics of exploitation and circuitous production Kind of feasible modeling ideas.