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我国正处在集体林和国有林林权制度改革的关键时期,亟需理论支持和实践经验,但公、私有制森林管理方式及其生态影响研究缺乏.欧洲和北美多种所有制森林管理具有较长历史,对所有制管理的内容、方式及其对森林木材产量、生物多样性、景观特性等的影响都有较深入的研究,总结这些研究成果,作为我国林权改革的借鉴尤为必要而迫切.本文综述了以欧洲和北美为代表的国家和地区公有制、私有制(产业化私有制和非产业化私有制)森林管理的目的、方式和生态影响,林权流转和分散,以及在各种所有制间采取的联合保护政策,最后提出了研究展望.
China is in the critical period of the reform of collective forest and state-owned forest tenure system, which requires theoretical support and practical experience urgently, but there is a lack of research on the management methods of public and private forests and their ecological impacts.Foreign ownership management in Europe and North America has a long History, the content and method of ownership management and its impact on forest timber yield, biodiversity and landscape characteristics have been studied in more depth. It is particularly necessary and urgent to summarize these research results as a reference for the reform of forest tenure in our country. The purpose, mode and ecological impact of forest management in public and private-owned (privately owned and non-industrialized) industrialized countries, represented by Europe and North America, are summarized, and the circulation and decentralization of forest tenure and the alliance among all kinds of ownership Protection policy, finally put forward the research prospect.