古丝绸之路的兴起是人类社会早期跨民族空间生产的典范。西汉时“凿空”西域,商贸繁荣,人口聚集,市镇兴起;唐末之后,在天灾人祸的共同作用下,西北丝路沿线地区人口锐减,市镇衰败,生态环境脆弱,西部社会空间迅速萎缩。新中国之后的西部大开发战略是着眼于国内的社会空间优化与重构,“一带一路”战略则是立足于长远发展的空间生产布局。“一带一路”建设,应主动作为,顺势而为,做好顶层设计;应进一步打破国内行政区划空间疏离,坚持全方位对外开放;应以新型城镇化建设为依托,强化社会建构以优化空间结构;应重视空间消费的引领作用,大力发展丝路旅游;应加强节点城市交通通讯基础设施建设,实现“一带一路”社会空间与自然空间的无缝对接和深度融合。 The rise of the ancient Silk Road is an example of the early inter-ethnic space production in human society. After the end of the Tang Dynasty, under the joint action of natural disasters and man-made disasters, the population in the areas along the Northwest Silk Road dropped sharply, the market of the town was declining, and the ecological environment was fragile. In the western part of the Western Han Dynasty, Social space is shrinking rapidly. The strategy for developing the western region after New China is to focus on the optimization and reconstruction of social space in China. The “Belt and Road” strategy is based on the spatial layout of production in the long run. We should take the initiative to take the opportunity to take the initiative to do top-level design. We should further break away from the domestic administrative divisions and insist on opening to the public in all directions. We should rely on the new urbanization to strengthen the social construction to optimize The spatial structure should be emphasized. The leading role of space consumption should be emphasized and Silk Road Tourism should be vigorously developed. The construction of infrastructure facilities for traffic and communications in the node cities should be strengthened so as to achieve seamless integration and in-depth integration of social space and natural space in the Belt and Road Initiative.