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目的了解青海省5岁以下儿童意外死亡的流行病学分布特点及变化趋势。方法收集2010-2014年青海省死亡监测网5岁以下儿童意外死亡报告资料,描述主要死因、发生强度、变化趋势及流行病学分布。结果 2010-2014年青海省5岁以下儿童意外死亡率占儿童总死亡率的14.58%,意外死亡总例数由多到少排序依次为意外窒息、交通意外、溺水、其他意外、意外中毒和意外跌落。意外死因构成分析显示:<1岁幼儿主要为意外窒息,1~4岁儿童以交通意外为主。意外死亡地区分布分析显示:意外死亡主要发生在农牧区,以交通意外和意外窒息为主。结论为降低青海省5岁以下儿童意外死亡率,应重点预防<1岁幼儿意外窒息和1~4岁儿童交通意外。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of unintentional death in children under 5 years of age in Qinghai Province. Methods The data of accidental death among children under 5 years of age from 2010 to 2014 in Qinghai Provincial Death Monitoring Network were collected to describe the main causes of death, intensity of occurrence, changing trend and epidemiological distribution. Results In 2010-2014, the accidental death rate of children under 5 years old in Qinghai Province accounted for 14.58% of the total child mortality rate. Among them, the total number of accidental deaths was from ascending order to accidental suffocation, traffic accidents, drowning, other accidents, accidental poisonings and accidents fall. Analysis of the composition of accidental causes of death revealed that <1-year-old children were mainly suffocated by accident and children aged 1 to 4 were mainly caused by traffic accidents. Analysis of the distribution of accidental death showed that accidental death mainly occurred in the farming and pastoral areas, with traffic accidents and accidental suffocation. Conclusion To reduce the accidental death rate of children under 5 in Qinghai Province, we should focus on prevention of accidental suffocation in children <1 year old and traffic accidents in children aged 1-4 years.