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清初在京畿地区大量圈占旗地,清廷为补偿被圈民户推行拨补政策,形成了大量的拨补地,明代卫所屯田是拨补地的主要来源之一。拨补卫所屯田推动了清初京畿卫所的裁改过程,但也引发了直隶地区州县与卫所之间的土地纠纷。由于拨补州县卫所与受补州县相隔较远,业主在经管拨补地时往往采用“一地两养”方式,这造成了清代直隶地区土地所有权结构与经营模式以及州县财政体制的变化。同时,建基于明代卫所与清代八旗两种不同制度的社会权力结构、人群构成方式也随之发生了深刻的变革。
In the early Qing Dynasty, a large number of enclaves occupied the territory in the Gyeonggi Province. As a result, the Qing government formed a large amount of land for compensation by the cyclists. The Ming Dynasty Wei Tuotian was one of the main sources of land requisition. The provision of remedial measures to farmland promoted the reform of the Gyeonggi Institute of Health in the early Qing Dynasty, but it also triggered land disputes between counties and clinics in Zhili. Due to the allocation of county health centers and counties are far apart from the counties, the owners in the transfer of land management often use “one place and two ways ”, which led to the Qing Dynasty Zhili area land ownership structure and business model and Changes in state financial system. At the same time, the structure of social power based on the two different systems of the Ming Dynasty Wei and the Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty also profoundly changed the composition of the crowd.