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目的了解气管切开留置患者居家照顾者的压力现状并探讨其影响因素。方法本研究采用便利取样选取50例气管切开留置患者的居家照顾者为研究对象,参照照顾者压力量表(CSI)和照顾者负担量表(ZBI),自行设计“气管切开留置患者居家照顾者压力量表”进行问卷调查,并对影响因素进行多元逐步回归分析,分析主要照顾者的照顾压力现状及其影响因素。结果根据照顾者负担量表(ZBI)对50例气管切开留置患者的居家照顾者测评显示,100%的居家照顾者存在不同程度的照顾负担;20例气管切开留置患者的居家照顾者压力状况总分为(67.54±5.23)分;多元逐步回归分析显示气管切开留置患者居家照顾者照顾压力的影响因素有:家庭经济能力及是否还有其他人来照顾患者。结论气管切开留置患者的居家照顾者及其家庭普遍受疾病的影响,承受着不同程度的压力。其中心理维度压力最大,社交维度压力最小,压力的大小与不仅与疾病的直接后果有关,还受家庭的负担以及照顾者的应对方式、社会支持、经济因素等影响。
Objective To understand the current situation of stress at home caregivers in tracheotomy patients and explore the influencing factors. Methods In this study, 50 home-based caregivers of tracheotomy patients were enrolled in this study. Patients with tracheotomy were designed according to the Caregiver Pressure Scale (CSI) and Caregiver Burden Scale (ZBI) Home caregiver stress scale "questionnaire survey, and multiple regression analysis of influencing factors, analysis of the status of the main caregiver care pressure and its influencing factors. Results According to the ZBI assessment of 50 home-care workers who underwent tracheotomy, 100% of the home-care workers had varying degrees of care burden. The pressure of home caregivers in 20 cases of tracheotomy patients The total score was (67.54 ± 5.23) points. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the family caregivers in caring for tracheotomy were family economic ability and whether there were other people to take care of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Home caregivers and their families with tracheotomy patients are generally affected by the disease and under varying degrees of stress. Among them, the psychological pressure is the most stressful, the social pressure is the least, and the pressure is not only related to the direct consequence of the disease, but also affected by the burden of the family and coping styles, social support and economic factors.