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目的:探讨滇西少数民族留守儿童家庭功能与应对方式的关系,为留守儿童心理健康教育工作提供依据。方法:选取大理白族自治州少数民族留守儿童978名,采用家庭功能评定量表、简易应对方式问卷进行调查,获得有效问卷950份。分析各少数民族留守儿童家庭功能、应对方式的差异和相关性。结果:白族留守儿童在沟通、情感反应和情感介入因子上的得分均显著低于彝族和回族留守儿童,积极应对得分则显著高于彝族和回族留守儿童,组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。少数民族留守儿童家庭功能各因子与积极应对和消极应对均显著相关(P<0.01),家庭功能因子中的沟通、情感反应、情感介入能显著预测留守儿童的积极应对表现,家庭功能因子中的角色和问题解决能显著预测留守儿童的消极应对表现。结论:促进少数民族留守儿童家庭功能的发展有助于其形成积极的应对方式。
Objective: To explore the relationship between family function and coping style of left-behind children in ethnic minority in western Yunnan and to provide basis for mental health education of left-behind children. Methods: A total of 978 left-behind children from ethnic minorities in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture were selected. A questionnaire of Family Function Rating Scale and Simple Coping Style was used to investigate and obtain 950 valid questionnaires. Analyze the differences and correlations of family functions and coping styles of left-behind children of all ethnic minorities. Results: The scores of left-behind children in Bai nationality were significantly lower than those of Yi and Hui left-behind children, and the positive coping scores were significantly higher than those of Yi and Hui left-behind children. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). Family functions of left-behind children of ethnic minorities were significantly correlated with both positive coping and negative coping (P <0.01). Communication, emotional reaction and affective intervention in familial functional factors could significantly predict the positive coping style of left-behind children. Among family functional factors Role and problem solving can significantly predict the negative coping performance of left-behind children. Conclusion: Promoting family functions of left-behind children of ethnic minorities helps to form a positive coping style.