多年生草本,一般立春抽苗,春分开花结实,立夏全草枯萎,盛谢期仅三个月。地下球形鳞茎白色肥厚,一大一小两片组成。四川西北部、青康高原为主产地,因产地土壤气候不同,总分两大类型: (一)松贝:主产地松潘地区雪山草原上。以杂谷腦、帽儿盖所产品质最优。质结粒匀,粒之大小片紧抱,名为“观音落座”,但产量不多。又产在松潘外围汶川、茂县、理县、懋功、相大小金川之间的贝母,品质亦好,过去叫他冲松贝。(二)青贝:主要产地青川边(原西康),故名青贝。有北路、南路之分,产在高原北部玉树、甘孜、德格为中心称北路货,质结多中小粒,仅次于松贝,产量亦大。产在高原南部昌都里塘以及云南北部德钦、中甸、维西、丽江等地,称南路货,体松粒大。其他如甘肃岷县附近所产称岷贝,体松多 Herbs perennial, generally spring seedlings, spring equinox flowering, beginning with the whole summer withered, Sheng Xie only three months. Underground spherical bulbs are white-filled, composed of two large and small ones. The northwestern Sichuan and Qingkang plateaus are the main producing areas. Due to the different soil climates, the production areas have two major types: (1) Sombe: The main producing area is the snow-capped mountains in the Songpan region. The product quality is optimal with miscellaneous brain and caps. The granules are even and grainy, and the size of the tablets is tightly held. It is called “Kuanyin seating,” but the output is not much. It was also produced in the outer border of Songpan, Wenchuan, Maoxian, Lixian, Yugong, and the size of Fritillaria. The quality was also good. In the past, he called him to crush the shellfish. (b) Qingbei: The main origin is Qingchuanbian (formerly Xikang), hence the name Qingbei. There are North Road and South Road points, produced in the north of the plateau Yushu, Ganzi, Dege called the North Road cargo center, the quality of many small and medium-sized grain, second only to the Songbei, the output is also large. Produced in the southern plateau of Changdu Litang and Yunnan Province in northern Deqin, Zhongdian, Weixi, Lijiang and other places, said the South Road cargo, body loose grain. Others are called mussels near Minxian County in Gansu Province.